[Mushumo unokwana weGlobal Times] “maitiro eUnited States ndiwo ‘mukurumbira wesayenzi noruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu’.”Nezvechikumbiro chehurumende yeUS chekuti makambani maviri ekugadzira machipisi eUS arege kutumira machipisi epamusoro-soro kuChina, mutauriri webazi rezvekunze reChina, VaWang Wenbin, akataura musi waGunyana 1 kuti "China inopokana neizvi.".Mitengo yemasheya yeNVIDIA ne AMD, iyo yakakanganiswa zvakananga nezvirambidzo zvitsva zveUS, yakawira mukupindura.Musi waNyamavhuvhu 31, vakadonha ne6.6% uye 3.7% zvichiteerana.NVIDIA yakataura kuti kutengesa kwayo kwemadhora mazana mana emamiriyoni mukota ino inogona kubuda.Ikozvino, kushanda kwevagadziri veAmerican chip kuri munguva yakaoma.Sezvo Shu jueting, mutauriri weBazi reCommerce reChina, akati, maitiro eUS achakanganisa zvakanyanya zvido zvedu mabhizinesi.Kwenguva yakati, United States yakatevedzana yakaunza matanho ekudzvinyirira kusimudzira kweChina chip indasitiri.Pamatanho ekupedzisira ekurambidza, Reuters inotenda kuti "inoratidza kukwidziridzwa kukuru kwekurwiswa kweUnited States pahunyanzvi hweChina".Muongorori wepamba akabvunzurudzwa nenguva dzepasirese pa1 akati kune rimwe divi, isu tinofanirwa kusvinura kuti United States icharamba ichirova "yakasanganiswa punch" ichipokana neChina semiconductor indasitiri, asi kune rimwe divi, iyo US kunze kwenyika. kurambidzwa zvakare mukana wekusimudzira kuenderera mberi kweiyo yepamba chip indasitiri cheni, iyo isina kukwana kupindirana pakati pekumusoro nekudzika.
NVIDIA yakarohwa zvine simba ndokuti yaitaurirana nevatengi veChinese
Sekureva kweiyo CNBC webhusaiti yeUnited States yakashuma munaGunyana 1, mugwaro rakatumirwa kuUS Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), NVIDIA yakati yakagamuchira chikumbiro chitsva chemvumo kubva kuhurumende yeUS muna Nyamavhuvhu 26 yekutengesera kunze kwenyika. machipisi kuChina (kusanganisira Hong Kong).Iyi chiyero inonzi inogadzirisa njodzi yezvigadzirwa zvine hukama zvichishandiswa kana kutsaudzirwa kuChina "kushandiswa kwechiuto" kana "mushandisi wekupedzisira".
Musi waNyamavhuvhu 31, New York Times yakatora NVIDIA ichiti matanho matsva achakanganisa chigadzirwa chiripo chekambani A100 uye chigadzirwa H100 chinotarisirwa kutangwa gare gare gore rino.NVIDIA inotenda kuti mirairo yehurumende yeUS inogona kukanganisa kugona kwayo kupedzisa kusimudzira kweH100 nenguva kana kutsigira vatengi varipo veA100.Zvinonzi kurambidzwa uku kunoshandawo kuRussia, asi NVIDIA haitengesi zvigadzirwa kuRussia parizvino.
Mutauriri we AMD akaudza Reuters kuti kambani yakagamuchirawo chikumbiro chitsva chemvumo kubva kuhurumende, izvo zvinozoita kuti imire kutengesa mi250 yehungwaru hwekunyepedzera machipisi kuChina.Amd anotenda kuti iyo mi100 chip haifanirwe kukanganiswa.
Reuters yakataura kuti Dhipatimendi reCommerce reUS haringataure kuti ndeapi maitiro matsva ayakaisa ekutumira machipisi eAI kuenda kuChina, asi vakati Dhipatimendi riri kuongorora maitirwo nemaitiro ane chekuita neChina kudzivirira "tekinoroji yepamberi kuti isawira mumaoko ezvisina kufanira. vanhu”.
Nezve matanho matsva akatorwa neUnited States, mutauriri weChinese Kunze kwenyika, VaWang Wenbin, akataura nemusi waGunyana 1 kuti United States yakaita zvematongerwo enyika, yakabatsira uye yakashongedza sainzi, tekinoroji uye nyaya dzehupfumi nekutengeserana, ichipinda mu "technical blockade" uye "kubvisa tekinoroji." ”, vakaedza zvisina maturo kudzora sainzi uye tekinoroji yepamusoro, kuchengetedza hukuru hwayo hwesainzi uye tekinoroji, uye kukanganisa cheni yeindasitiri yepasi rose uye cheni yekugovera yekudyidzana kwepedyo, iyo ichatadza kukundikana.
"Rutivi rweUS runofanirwa kumisa maitiro aro asina kunaka, kubata mabhizinesi enyika dzese zvakanaka, kusanganisira mabhizinesi eChinese, uye kuita zvakawanda kubatsira kugadzikana kwehupfumi hwenyika."Nezuva rimwe chetero, Shu jueting, mutauriri weBazi reCommerce reChina, akapindurawo kunyaya iyi.
Sezvakataurwa naShu jueting, maitiro eUS haangokuvadza kodzero uye zvido zvemabhizinesi eChinese chete, asi achakanganisa zvakanyanya zvido zvemabhizinesi eAmerica.The Wall Street Journal yakataura munaGunyana 1 kuti NVIDIA ndiyo inonyanya kukosha chip mugadziri muUnited States, uye inotonga musika mumunda wemachipisi ehungwaru.Nekudaro, kuiswa kwemutemo mutsva muWashington kunouya panguva yakaoma kune vanogadzira chip.Nekuda kwekukwira kwemitengo kwakanyanya uye kuderera kwetarisiro yehupfumi, kugona kushandisa kwevanhu kwakadzorwa, uye kudiwa kwemakomputa, mitambo yemavhidhiyo, mafoni emafoni nemimwe michina yemagetsi kwadzikira.
NVIDIA yakataura mukutaura kuti iri kutaurirana nevatengi vekuChina kuitira kuti vashandise zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekambani kuzadzisa zvavanoronga kana mune ramangwana.Kambani inoronga kunyorera kuhurumende yeUS kuti irege kuregererwa kunze kwenyika, asi hapana “vimbiso” yekuti ichatenderwa.CNBC yakati kana mabhizinesi eChinese akafunga kusatenga zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakapihwa neNVIDIA, iyo yekupedzisira icharasikirwa nemadhora mazana mana emamiriyoni ekutengesa mukota ino.NVIDIA svondo rapfuura yakafanotaura kuti kutengesa muchikamu chechitatu chegore rino kwaizodonha ne17% gore-pa-gore kusvika kumadhora 5.9 bhiriyoni.Maererano neshumo rezvemari rakabudiswa nekambani, mari yayo yose mugore rapfuura yaiva 26.91 mabhiriyoni emadhora ekuAmerica, uye mari yayo muChina (kusanganisira Hong Kong) yaiva 7.11 bhiriyoni US dollar, inoverengera 26.4%.
Sekureva kweWall Street Journal, NVIDIA inotenda kuti kunyangwe hurumende yeUS ikabvumidza kuregererwa kunze kwenyika, vanokwikwidza vanogona kubatsirwa nazvo, senge semiconductor vatengesi vanobva kuChina, Israel nenyika dzeEurope, nekuti "maitiro ekupihwa marezenisi achaita kuti kutengesa kwedu nekutsigira kushande. yakaoma uye isina chokwadi, uye kurudzira vatengi veChinese kutsvaga dzimwe nzira ”.Amd anotenda kuti iyo mitsva mirau haizove yakakosha pabhizinesi rayo.
Iyi nhanho itsva yakaitwa neWashington yakakwezvawo maonero evatori venhau pachitsuwa ichi.NVIDIA ne AMD ndivo vatengi vepamusoro gumi veTSMC, vachiverengera chikamu chegumi muzana chemari yayo.Kana kutumirwa kwavo kwechip kukadzikira, kuchakanganisawo kuita kweTSMC, Taiwan's Zhongshi News yakashuma pa1st.Sekureva kwemushumo, yakakanganiswa nekuderera kwemasheya eUS uye nekukasira kuunzwa kwezvirambidzo pakutengeswa kunze kwenyika kwehunyanzvi hwekugadzira machipisi epamusoro muUnited States, masheya eTaiwan akavhurwa akaderera uye akawira pa1.Pakupera, "vakadonha" neanoda kusvika mazana matatu mapoinzi, uye mutengo weTSMC wakawira pasi peNT $500 mukutanga kutengesa.
Kuisa "chikumbaridzo chekushanda" kwemachipisi anotumirwa kuChina?
Maneja weindasitiri akabvunzurudzwa neWall Street Journal akaongorora kuti kurambidzwa uku hakungobata NVIDIA neAMD chete, asi zvakare inoisa "chikumbaridzo" kune mamwe machipisi epamusoro anobata necomputing yehungwaru kuti atengeswe kuChina.Sekuona kweReuters, zvirambidzo zvitsva zvekutengesa kunze kwenyika "zvinoratidza kukwidziridzwa kukuru kweUS kurwiswa kwehunyanzvi hweChina".
The New York Times inotenda kuti matanho matsva anopesana neChina neRussia ndiyo yazvino kuyedza nehurumende yeUS kushandisa semiconductors sechombo chekutadzisa vakwikwidzi kuti vafambire mberi mumakomputa anoshanda epamusoro, hungwaru hwekugadzira uye mamwe minda.Kurambidzwa kunze kwenyika chikamu chekuedza kweUnited States neChina kukwikwidza chinzvimbo chepamusoro chehunyanzvi hwepamusoro.
Zvinonzi A100, H100 uye mi250 machipi ese ari maGPU (graphics processor) zvigadzirwa.Mundima yehunyanzvi, GPU inzvimbo yakakosha yesimba remakomputa muminda yenzvimbo dzedata, makomputa epamusoro-soro uye hungwaru hwekugadzira.Reuters yakataura kuti kana machipisi epamusoro-soro emabhizinesi eAmerica akadai seNVIDIA ne AMD asingawanikwe, kugona kwemabhizinesi eChinese kuita mabasa epamusoro akadai semufananidzo uye kucherechedzwa kwezwi kuchaderera.Kuzivikanwa kwechifananidzo uye kugadzirwa kwemutauro wechisikigo zvakajairika mumashandisirwo efoni akangwara, sekupindura mibvunzo yemushandisi uye kumaka mafoto.Aya mabasa anewo mashandisirwo echiuto, sekutsvaga satellite mifananidzo ine zvombo kana mabhesi emauto, uye kusefa yedhijitari yekukurukurirana zvemukati yekuunganidza hungwaru.
Iwo zvakare mukana weChina
Sekureva kweWall Street Journal, zvave zvakajairika kuti United States iteme zvirambidzo pakutengeserana neChina uye nekutengesa kunze machipisi.Pakati paNyamavhuvhu, United States yakazivisa kudzora kunze kwenyika pamatekinoroji mana, kusanganisira EDA software zvishandiso.Iyo 2022 chip neScience Act yakasainwa neMutungamiriri weUS Biden musi wa9 Nyamavhuvhu inotaura kuti mabhizinesi anowana rubatsiro rwemubatanidzwa haakwanise kuwedzera zvakanyanya kugadzirwa kwe "advanced process" machipisi muChina (anowanzo onekwa sekureva machipisi ari pasi pe28nm).Pamusoro pezvo, vezvenhau veAmerica vakaburitsa mukupera kwaChikunguru kuti makambani maviri emidziyo yechip muUnited States akasimbisa kuti Washington yakavakumbira kuti vasape michina yekugadzira machipisi e14 nm uye pazasi kuChina.
Gu Wenjun, muongorori mukuru weSMIC consulting, akaudza nyika dzepasirese pa1 kuti nekuunza akateedzana matanho ekudzivirira, United States inotarisira kudzvanyirira kusimudzira kwehukama hwepamusoro hweChina mumunda wesainzi uye tekinoroji.Pakutanga, yakatendera Huawei neZTE muchikamu chekupedzisira, uye yakazonanga Hisilicon mumunda wekugadzira chip uye SMIC mumunda wekugadzira chip.Gu Wenjun akataura kuti munguva pfupi, United States inotarisira "kubvisa" uye "kutyora cheni" China mune yepamusoro-tech chikamu chechips.Munguva yepakati kusvika kureba, United States inotarisira kuti iyo nevadyidzani vayo havachavimba zvakanyanya nemusika weChina uye kuderedza kuchinjana kwezvinhu zvekugadzira neChina.
"Zvirambidzo zveUS chip hazvigone kumisa kufambira mberi kweindasitiri yeChina semiconductor."Sangano reRussia reSatellite renhau rakatora nyanzvi dzichiti muindasitiri yazvino yesemiconductor, kusanganisira China, tekinoroji ye28nm ichiri hwaro hwevagadziri vazhinji kuchengetedza purofiti uye kutora chikamu mukutsvagisa nekuvandudza tekinoroji yemhando yepamusoro yesemiconductor.Iyo yakanyanya advanced chip tekinoroji inobatsira chaizvo, asi ichiri kuverengera yakaderera chikamu chese semiconductor indasitiri.Kana dziri dzekuti nhanho dzekurambidza dzeUS dzichava nemhedzisiro yenguva refu kuChina, zvinoenderana nekuvandudzwa kwekugadzira uye dhizaini yeindasitiri yesemiconductor yekupedzisira.Mumakore gumi kusvika makumi maviri, kusimudzira kweindasitiri kunofanirwa kuchinja uye matekinoroji matsva anogona kuoneka.
"Nemamwe maonero, kurambidzwa kunze kwenyika kweUnited States mukana zvakare kune indasitiri yezviputi zvepamba.Kare, pakanga pasina kudyidzana kwakakwana pakati pemabhizinesi ekumusoro neakadzika muindasitiri yezviputi zvemukati, asi mune ramangwana, tichawedzera kusimbisa kutsiva mudzimba. "Han Xiaomin, general maneja weJiwei consulting, akaudza pasi rose kuti mabhizimusi emabhizimisi emudzimba anofanirwa kuzvigadzika pamusika wepamba, zvishoma nezvishoma atange yakakwana chip industry cheni ecosystem, nekuvandudza indasitiri yekurwisa njodzi, kukwikwidza uye pesvedzero yepasirese.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-02-2022